A package is a collection of modules organized within a directory. This directory includes an __init__.py file, which indicates that the directory should be treated as a package.
Why use packages?
Packages allow for a structured organization of modules and help in building complex applications with different functionality split across various modules.
Example: Suppose you have a package named utilities with the following structure:
utilities/
├── __init__.py
├── file_ops.py
└── calculation.py
file_ops.py might contain file-related functions, while calculation.py could contain mathematical functions.
The __init__.py file can be empty or used to initialize the package.
Usage: You can import specific modules from a package like this:
from utilities import calculation
result = calculation.add(10, 5)
Or import everything from the package:
import utilities
result = utilities.calculation.add(10, 5)