Python Packages

A package is a collection of modules organized within a directory. This directory includes an __init__.py file, which indicates that the directory should be treated as a package.

Why use packages?

Packages allow for a structured organization of modules and help in building complex applications with different functionality split across various modules.

Example: Suppose you have a package named utilities with the following structure:


utilities/
├── __init__.py
├── file_ops.py
└── calculation.py

file_ops.py might contain file-related functions, while calculation.py could contain mathematical functions.

The __init__.py file can be empty or used to initialize the package.

Usage: You can import specific modules from a package like this:


from utilities import calculation
result = calculation.add(10, 5)

Or import everything from the package:


import utilities
result = utilities.calculation.add(10, 5)