Python Module

A module in Python is a single file (with a .py extension) that contains Python definitions and statements, such as functions, classes, and variables. Modules allow you to organize related code into separate files logically.

Creating and Importing a Module

To create a module, you simply write some Python code in a file with the .py extension. For example, let’s create a module named math_operations.py with a few functions:

# calculation.py

def add(a, b):
    return a + b

def subtract(a, b):
    return a - b

Importing the Module

You can use import to bring the module into another file, making its functions available to use:

import calculation

result = calculation.add(5, 4)
print(result)  # Output: 9

Importing Specific Functions or Variables

You can also import specific functions or variables from a module:

from calculation import add

result = add(10, 7)
print(result)  # Output: 17

Using Aliases

You can use as to create an alias for a module or function:

import calculation as ca

result = ca.subtract(10, 5)
print(result)  # Output: 5

Standard Library Modules

Python’s standard library provides a wide range of built-in modules, such as math, datetime, and random. You can import and use these without additional setup.

import math

print(math.sqrt(25))  # Output: 5.0